الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The problem of water logging and soil salinization represents the most serious problem threatening arid regions all over the world. The study area is located in this climatic condition in the Northwestern part of the Suez Canal region which is the wettest region with a moderate temperature (up to 31oC). The study area is characterized by a high-density population and huge agricultural activity. In the geo-environmental studies Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information, System (GIS) tools have been widely used to monitor, assess, and map the waterlogged, salt-affected area and land use-land cover classes. The aim of this work is to monitor the geoenvironmental conditions of the investigated area and assess the impact of the prevailing geohazard.
In the present work, both the hydrochemical methods, three sets of RS digital data (Landsat 5, 7, and 8 data for 1984, 2000, and 2018), ASTER GDEM are integrated with GIS technologies to reveal the geo–environmental hazards at the study area during the time interval between 1984-2018. During the field trip on May 2021, groundwater and surface water, and soil samples are collected from the study area in addition to field examination of the hot spots of waterlogged sites. Ec and pH values were measured. The chemical analyses for water and soil samples are applied to determine major cations and major anions. Different image processing including image band combinations, PCA, change detection, and supervised and unsupervised classification and band ratio (NDVI, NDWI, NDBI, NDSI) were applied.
After applying the integration, of the results with GIS technologies, the outcomes of the present research include, hydrosalinity mapping, TDS mapping, groundwater grouping, the spatial distribution of major ions, The spatial distribution maps of the physio-chemical properties of soil (Ec, pH), distributions of salt-affected areas, permanent and temporarily waterlogged areas, surface changes, and their rate of change over time between 1984 -2018 has been conducted.
The obtained results indicate that the NW Suez Canal region (NWSCR) is widely affected by water logging and soil salinization. There was a significant correlation between human activities (agricultural and industrial) over the last years and the susceptibility of NWSCR to water logging and soil salinization is very high.
The NWSCR is exposed to a continuous increase of water-logged areas and soil salinization due to irrigation practices, extensive human activities, and arid conditions. Water logging and soil salinization favored a significant impact on the quality of groundwater in the NWSCR.