الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out on stable COPD patients the stu
ucted in the Department of Chest Diseases, Zagazig Un
itals and Zagazig Chest Hospital during the period from May 2
mber 2019. It included 120 COPD patients.
atients were studied through:
Careful history taking; especially smoking history. & whet
patient was adherent to his or her treatment.
General and local chest examination stressing on signs
morbidities.
Radiological examination by routine plain chest x-ray.
Spirometric Pulmonary function tests.
Body Mass Index calculation:
Assessment of Dyspnea Severity using the Modified M
Research Council (MMRC) scale.
Six-minutes walking test (6MWT) distance.
BODE index calculation:
Arterial blood gases analysis:
Routine laboratory tests: including CBC (complete blood
kidney and liver functions, and blood glucose.
Echocardiography and ECG.
Patients follow up for 6 months for their morbidity and mort
Statistical analysis of the data.The study showed the following results:
1) The patients were 103 males (85.8%) and 17 females (14.2%) with a
Mean age ± SD 49.84 ± 7.68 years. The majority of the patients
aged 40-50 years (64%) while 48% aged >50years.
2) Out of 120 patients, 94 patients (78.3%) were smokers & Only
31(25.8%) patients had co morbidities.
3) Fifty patients (41.7%) had 50-64% FEV1 (% Predicted) while 37
patients (30%) had 36-49% FEV1 (% Predicted). The Mean ± SD.
of FEV1 (% Predicted) was 55.01 ± 10.96% for all patients.
4) Seventy patients (58.3%) had 6MWT of 150 – 249 m. while 41
patients (34.2%) had 6 MWT of 250 – 349 m. The Mean ± SD. of 6
MWT was 220.3 ± 56.12 m. for all patients.
5) Sixty one patients (50.8%) had dyspnea grade 3 while 57 patients
(47.5%) had dyspnea grade 2.
6) Sixty two patients (51.7%) had BMI of >21(kg/m2) while 58
Patients (48.3%) had BMI of ≤21 (kg/m2).The Mean ± SD. of BMI
(kg/m2) was 21.85±2.72 (kg/m2) for all patients.
7) The Mean ± SD of BODE index of the studied cases was 4.82±1.88
with a range of 2.0 – 9.0.
8) The studied cases had a Mean ± SD for PaO2 of 74.03 ± 9.74 while
PaCO2 had a Mean ± SD of 52.01 ± 6.24. On the other hand PH had
a Mean ± SD of 7.40 ± 0.02.
9) Fourty six (38.3%) of the studied cases had PHT while it was absent
in 74 (61.7%) of cases.
10) The studied cases had a Mean ± SD for Hemoglobin of 15.83±1.48
gm/dl with a range of 12.0 – 20.0 gm/dl.
11) Sixty four (53.3) of the studied cases were adherent to treatment
while 56 (46.7) were not.
Summary
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12) Ninty five patients (79.2%) visited emergency room frequently
(The Mean ± SD. of number of visits 5.19 ± 2.61). On the other
hand 55 patients were admitted to hospital (45.8%).
13) Nine patients (7.5%) died during the 6 months follow up.
14) The study showed that 31 patients with co morbidities had BODE
index Mean ± SD of 6.32±1.11 comparing to those patients (89)
without co morbidities 4.29±1.82 (P <0.001, highly significant). It
also showed that BODE index Mean ± SD of 7.0 ± 1.58 for patients
who died (9) during the study period compared to other patients
(111) 4.64 ± 1.80 (P <0.001, highly significant).
15) BODE index had a negative correlation with each of PaO2 and PH
while it was positively correlated with PaCO2 with highly
significant statistical values (P <0.001).
16) BODE index had a highly significant (<0.001) positive correlation
with each of number of visits to emergency room and admission to
hospital.
17) BODE index at a cut off value >4 had a sensitivity of 100% and a
specificity of 53.93% to diagnose co morbidity.This result is
statistically highly significant (<0.001).
18) BODE index at a cut off value >5 had a sensitivity of 88.89% and a
specificity of 58.56% to predict mortality.This result is statistically
significant (0.001)