الفهرس 
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Abstract
In the light of water scarcity and high population growth of Egypt, there is an urgent need to exploit and reuse every DROP of water. Remediation of the available marginal water resources such as drainage water for irrigation purposes became mandatory. A laboratory experiment was conducted at Soil Science Department Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University during 2021 to find effective and low-cost ways of wastewater remediation to be easily available. For that, the water samples were synthetically contaminated with two heavy metals, namely nickel and lead which were added in concentrations of 10 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l, respectively. Four natural materials i.e, moringa seeds cake (M), rice straw biochar (B), sugarcane bagasse biochar (S) and zeolite (Z) were used in this investigation to study their potentiality on removing lead and nickel from polluted water. All materials were used at two rates of 10 and 20g/l. Four different particle diameters were used for each of rice straw biochar, bagasse biochar and zeolite as follows: < 0.125 mm, 0.125 – 0.212 mm, 0.212 – 0.250 mm and > 0.250 mm. All materials used gave considerable efficiencies in removing lead and nickel ions from polluted water showing an inverse proportional efficiency with particle diameters. The rate of 20g/l surpassed the rate of 10 g/l for all treatments under the same diameter. The most efficient treatment for removing lead was sugarcane bagasse biochar at rate of 20 g/l and particles diameter less than 0.125 mm with a removal efficiency of 90.39 % whereas the most efficient treatment for removing nickel was rice straw biochar at rate of 20g/l and diameter of particles less than 0.125mm with removal efficiency of 81.6%. The removal efficiency of lead for the investigated natural materials could follow the order: sugarcane biochar> rice straw biochar>moringa seeds cake> zeolites while the order was rice straw biochar> sugarcane bagasse biochar>moringa seeds cake> zeolites for nickel.