الفهرس 
TitleOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nasopharyngeal cancer is one of the rare diseases that occur around the world and the countries of Southeast Asia are among the places where this disease occurs most frequently.
The tumor of the NPC is one of the most sensitive tumors to radiation. Therefore, three-dimensional radiotherapy using the linear accelerator (LINAC) is one of the steps in making the treatment plan by the medical physicist, through the physical planning device, which includes an advanced system using a number of tools Through which the tumor size is determined very accurately, as well as the healthy tissues surrounding it, which are called (critical organs). Among the critical organs surrounding the temporal lobe are the brainstem, the vertebral column, and the parotid gland.
The temporal lobe is one of the most critical organs surrounding the nasopharynx; Rather, it is the most important of them at all, because of its location, which is very close to the temporal lobe, and therefore it will necessarily be inside the therapeutic fields, and thus unwanted doses will reach it and may exceed the permissible dose according to the standards of the International Committee for Radiation Standards. As a result of these harmful doses that reach the temporal lobe during 3DCRT, is called temporal lobe necrosis occurred.
With the progress in the field of radiotherapy and the development of linear accelerators devices and then programs for physiotherapeutic planning, treatment is now being done with the technique of IMRT (or also called Multi-Intensity IMRT)). Also, the size of the critical organs around it, using the tools designated for this in the physical planning device, and then during the therapeutic implementation on the linear accelerator device, which contains special capabilities for this technique that facilitates the delivery of a high radioactive dose to each therapeutic field in an extremely precise manner to the tumor with no dose reaching the tumor harmful to the surrounding organs.
This comparative study was applied to 40 patients after their diagnosis, and two treatment plans were made using the three-dimensional radiotherapy technique and also by the intensive modified radiotherapy technique, and the comparison was made as follows:
1. The maximum and minimum dose reaching the TL.
2. Maximum and minimum doses that reach the spine, brain stem and parotid gland.
3. Maximum and minimum doses that reach the size of the tumor and then determine the coefficient of homogeneity and congruence.
The following was concluded:
IMRT is better than 3DCRT in terms of accuracy and exposure of healthy surrounding organs, as well as in terms of homogeneity and conformity of the therapeutic dose that targets the tumor itself.