الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Weeds are one of the main problems in onion fields, chemical weed control has become the environmental, social, health, safety, and these aspects can play a role in the preparation of exporters to enter the European Union market, also Egypt’s water resources are facing extreme stress.
So we study the effect of three types of herbicides and three transactions water regime, using surface flood irrigation on quality and productivity of onion Giza Red cultivar, and the chemical content of bulb onion, the present investigation was conducted at private farm in El-Ashra, Abohomos, El-Behera Governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018).
The experimental lay out was split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications where main plots allocated (irrigation water treatments): (11) interval (20) days, (I2) interval (30) days, and (I3) interval (40) days, and sub plots allocated (herbicides treatments): (H1) Control, (H2) Fusilade, (H3) Goal, and (H4) select.
Sub plot area was 21 m2 (7 m long × 3 m width), onion was transplanted with spacing of 25 × 10cm, so cheap plant density was 840 plant/plot =168000 plant/fed. Onion seedlings of good quality were transplanted in first December in both seasons. Previous crop in both seasons was rice. The harvest was carried out done at April 20 in both seasons.
Results revealed that the interaction effect between herbicide and water regime had significant effect in both seasons, data indicate that maximum onion bulb yield (ton)/fed was recorded (14.06 and 14.29) by {(I3 with H3}. The data indicated that largest diameter (cm) after harvest was (7.6 and 5.8 cm) with {I3 and H2}, results were recorded that treatment {I1 with H2 and H3} is the lowest of false flowering (polluting). Results were recorded that {I3 with H2 or H4} increased the Percentage of dry neck. Results were recorded that {I3 with H2 or H4} decreased pathological injuries. Data was recorded that maximum dry onion bulb weight on sample (30bulbe) weight (kg) after20 day after harvest was recorded (1.86 and 2.65 kg) by {(I3 and H3}. The percentage of carbohydrates recorded highest value (88.82 and 87.86) by {I3 and H2}.Data obtained as shown revealed that {I3} treatment with {H2} or {H3} or {H4} recorded that there are not residues analysis of herbicides, the data indicated that {(I2 and H3} recorded the highest harvest index (0.86 and 0.66).Water utilization efficiency (W.U.E) indicated that {(I3 with H3} was the largest average (5.8 and 6.1).
Conclusion: The study recorded that Goal and Fusillade herbicides with irrigation regime interval 30 or 40 day on similar onion crop farms could be used to improve productivity and quality with lowest water use, it could concluded to war apple export to the European Union market.
Key words: Herbicides, Water Regime, Productivity, Quality, Onion, Crop, Residues