الفهرس 
Anatomical and physiological consideratio
Observational asesmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summery Airway and breathing management have a critical role in trauma resuscitation in the emergency department (ED) (Reynolds & Heffner, 2005). Securing a child‘s airway in an emergency setting consider challenge, and many of factors such as appropriate instrumentation and clinician experience helps success in it. • Importantly, the many anatomical and physiological considerations that differ significantly from the adult population. Failure to secure the airway or detect breathing problems can lead to death or disability • In the children, airway-related problems are among the most common perioperative critical incidents in pediatric anesthesia, and in infants younger than 1 year of age, these are four times more common than in older children. • The goal of airway assessment is to identify patients who may have difficult airways, mandating alternate approaches to airway management • There are many simple, non-invasive techniques to support respiration prior to endotracheal intubation in order to recognize and support any respiratory problems • Positioning and BVM-assisted ventilations are usually the great majority of situations requiring airway management of pediatric patients; however, it may occasionally be necessary or helpful to incorporate more advanced airway techniques requiring placement of a tool into the airway itself. • Management and securing the airway is critical ill child from trauma or any other situation that threatens his or her life. Airway‘s management can be defined as the performance of maneuvers and the use of devices