الفهرس 
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Abstract
One of the main targets of urban planning is to improve the quality of life in cities, to regulate the development and land-use changes and to achieve a balance and justified spatial distribution of services. Traditional methods for surveying and monitoring the urban plans are not quite efficient to cope with today’s challenges. Since people and technology keep changing fast leading to more problems and needs for feasible solutions. Therefore the use of the emerged and fast growing technology of Geographic Information System (GIS) and its tools and models is more convenient in facing such challenges. It can handle large spatial information and sequentially analyze the urban physical environment. With various data sets in a GIS database, users can create layered images, examine land-use patterns, measure sufficiency and spatial distribution of utilities in cities such as educational services, health services, green areas and many others. In order to have a unified reference for the planning process regarding the allocation of activities and to ensure a fair distribution, the following goals have to be achieved:
- Providing a decision support system to help decision makers in the process of service allocation.
- Providing standards for the planning criteria and aspects for services allocation.
Such concept was applied in this thesis through two cities as case studies namely, El-Mansoura City in Dakahleya Governorate, located in the Nile Delta and surrounded by arable lands with no desert extension. The target was to assess and improve its situation in the urban mass without sprawling on the arable lands. The second application was applied on the Tenth of Ramadan City, located in the desert extension in El-Sharkeya, one of the first generations of the new communities in Egypt. The target was to assess and improve the current situation of the services and avoiding extension of infrastructure outside the city urban mass boundary. The assessment was conducted using the spatial analysis tools in ArcGIS 10.4.1 software and following the guidelines set by GOPP for deriving the standards, thresholds and sphere of influence for the locations of each of the two services for each city. The directory of distribution of land-use activities for the Egyptian cities was studied and followed. Results revealed a shortage of both services in both cities. Such shortage was depicted in the spatial analysis and maps pointing out the situation in each city administrative boundary/sheyakha. As for El-Mansoura City, for the current situation, it was found that 25% of the city zones are not served by health units. Examining the situation after applying the proposal of the city strategic plan, it was found that still 20% of the city zones would not be served by health units. For education service, the current situation reveal that 44% of the city zones is not served by primary schools. Applying the city strategic plan, a slight improvement was noticed, as it was found that still 37% of the city zones is not served. For Tenth of Ramadan City, the south industrial is not served by Health units. An emergency point was recommended and it location was proposed. For educational facilities, it was found that based on the guidelines standards, some zones in the city are not served by primary as well as secondary schools. Based on the needs assessment, new locations for education and health services were proposed for each of the two cities. The new proposed locations follow the GOPP guidelines and abide the directory of distribution of land-use activities in the Egyptian cities.