الفهرس 
Chapter 1 : IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 114 |  |  |
| | | from | 114 | | |
Abstract
Traditional power systems employ centralized control techniques to manage the entire power network. In these networks, electric power flows from the utility grid to the load. With the deregulation and restructuring of the power industry coupled with increasing penetration of renewables and other traditional generators such as Distributed Generators (DGs) at the microgrid level, the way power flows within the network changes. This type of network is known as active networks because power can flow bi-directionally either from the utility grid to the microgrid or vice versa. As a result, centralized control may not be able to effectively manage the DGs at the microgrid level because it is cost inefficient and may prove challenging to control DGs in the microgrid. Therefore, another type of control known as decentralized or distributed control is proposed as an alternative to centralized control.
In this thesis, an energy management strategy of direct current microgrids (DC-MGs) is presented. The proposed MG consists of renewable energy sources, batteries, and supercapacitors, along with associated DC/DC and DC/AC converters. The energy source components are modeled and implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK (power system library). Two energy management strategies are designed using proportional integral (PI) controllers and state machine control (SMC), respectively. The performance of the proposed energy management methods is analyzed.
Coordination between different sources of MG is implemented using a multi-agent system (MAS). Multi-agent algorithm is implemented using an open source agent building toolkit, Java Agent DEvelopment framework (JADE). The proposed energy management strategies are implemented using the JADE. Interface between MATLAB/SIMULINK and JADE is done with the help of the middle ware (MACSimJX). The proposed multi-agent framework is presented and the interface between the JADE and MATLAB/SIMULINK is described in details. Then, the design and implementation steps of the PI-controller and SMC using JADE are presented. Simulation work is carried out, and the results show that the proposed multi-agent system based controller effectively coordinated with variable loads in MG.