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العنوان
Environmental Impact Studiesof Solid And Inorganic Wastes In Sadat City- Egypt /
المؤلف
Ismael, Mohamed Taher Hassan Ali.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / MOHAMED TAHER HASSAN ALI ISMAEL
مشرف / RIFAI IBRAHIM RIF
مشرف / ABD ALLAH ABASERY
مشرف / AHMAD GAMAL EL DIN
الموضوع
environmental sciences.
تاريخ النشر
2013 .
عدد الصفحات
147 p. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
ماجستير
التخصص
العلوم البيئية (متفرقات)
تاريخ الإجازة
14/3/2013
مكان الإجازة
اتحاد مكتبات الجامعات المصرية - Surveying of Natural Resources in Environmental Systems
الفهرس
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Abstract

Recent decades have seen significant interest of solid waste and environmental impact resulting. The present study focused on monitoring the environmental impact resulting from solid waste in the dumpsite and ELGharbiya landfill in Sadat city. The study aims to determine the mineral components of the soil of dumpsite, and ELGharbiya landfill in Sadat city and measure the heavy metals in soil and groundwater samples in the study area ( Fe, Cu, Cd, Mn, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, Co). Also, measure the groundwater level in the study area and the direction of water flow
and assess the resulting environmental impact of dumpsite and ELGharbiya landfill
on the soil and groundwater.
Sadat city is the first city of the new urban community is located on Cairo-
Alexandria Desert Road at km.93.E Lies west of the Nile Delta and eastern side of
the Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road from kilo 85 to 109 between latitudes
30°18’57″&30°38′ 19″ N and longitude 30° 21′ 64″&30° 39′ 55″ E.
Solid waste management is considered as specific problems in each country,
region, and even locality. Population density, local tradition, the stage of
development and the economic structure, together with such environmental factors
as climate, availability of natural resources and topography are some of the
contributing factors to the problem.
The management has been applied with some mistakes where, the wastes
randomly lied outside the cell and behind the bridge between the cells without
covering or arrangement. The broken pipe of water in landfill leads to formation of
swamps water, generation of flies and polluting the environment. The self-firing in
the cells in the landfill indicate to the environmental regulations is not applied
perfectly. The self-firing cased emission of harmful gases plus to heavy metals
which precipitate on soil and leached to groundwater by rainfall
106
Fifty eight soil samples were collected from different sites in Sadat City.Also,
20 samples of ground water were collected from different sites in dumpsite,
ELGharbiya landfill, the green sheltbelt and the housing area.Depending on the
mechanical analysisof the soil, the ELGharbiya landfill and the old and new
dumping areas are completely not suitable to use, where the percentage of clay
(≤5μm) ranging between 0.11% and 3.56%.Generally the soil analysis reveals that
heavy metals have more accumulated at the upper 50cm than the lower 40 cm
below the ground surface. This is due to the relative high content of clay minerals
in the upper part of the soil than in the lower part, despite the highly lack of clay
minerals in the soil of the study areas.
X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used
to determine the mineralogical composition, texture and crystal morphology of the
collected soil samples. They revealed thatthe non-clay mineral fraction is quartz
followed by gypsum, calcite, albite, dolomite and aragonite. Montmorillonite is the
most abundant clay mineral followed by kaolinite and Illite.
Chemical analysis were used to determine the percentages of Fe, Co, Cr, Mn,
Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd elements for each soil and water samples.Geophysical
exploration (resistivity method) is considered to determining the groundwater
quality and quantity (i.e. the thickness of the aquifer, and whether the water is
saline, brackish, fresh or contaminated with toxic waste)
Despite the chemical analysis results of soil and ground water collected
samples were revealed that all heavy metals in all of the studied samples are still
located within the globally safe limits,there are still significant risk. Such risk arises
due tothe high sand fractions which represented the main constituent of the studied
samples that collected from the dumping area and landfill. Such soil is
characterized by high permeability as well as thehigh rate of penetration of
dissolved toxic heavy metals to the underground water.
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The groundwater flow is generally from the northeast to the southwest towards
Sadat area and Wadi El Natrun depression, and the depth to water is near from the
surface to the cell of EL Gharbiya landfill reach to 13 m. the variable subsurface
sediments from sand and gravel, may infiltrate pollution during the recharge from
the rainfall.The enormous groundwater withdrawal lead to deterioration of water
quality at some locations.
It’s possible to sum up the results of the study in the following:
1- The sand fractions which represented the main constituent of the sediments of the
dumping area and landfill is characterized by high permeability as well as the rate
of penetration of dissolved toxic heavy metals to the bottom sediment layers in the
study area will be high.
2- The depth to water is near from the surface to the cell of EL Gharbiya landfill, and
expected pollute the aquifer of groundwater.
3- The groundwater flow is generally from the northeast to the southwest towards
Sadat area and Wadi El Natrun Depression lead to negative impact on quality of
groundwater if pollution occurred.
4- EL Gharbiya landfill location environmental is unsuitable must be relocate to
another site.