الفهرس 
Anatomy of Mastoid Air CellsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Persistent or recurring otorrhea following open mastoidectomy is a frustrating problem, which has faced otologists ever since the first radical mastoidectomy was performed. About, 40% of open mastoid cavities fail to heal, remain infected and discharge persistently after operation. However, the open mastoidectomy producer still holds a good place in chronic ear surgery, which could not be wholly replaced by the closed technique. Several factors contribute to the recurrence of discharge from open radical cavities. These include: -Suppuration in un-exentrated diseased cells. -Post operative appearance of cholesteatoma. -Secondary infection of the open mastoid cavity. -Mechanical factors related to aeration and dryness of the cavity such as:- . Meatal stenosis. . High facial ridge. . Large mastoid cavity. Management of the discharging open mastoid cavities starts by conservative treatment, which includes regular cleaning of the cavity, and the use of topical medication. Surgery is resorted to when conservative treatment has failed to render the cavity, dry and trouble free. Persistent or recurring otorrhea following open mastoidectomy is a frustrating problem, which has faced otologists ever since the first radical mastoidectomy was performed. About, 40% of open mastoid cavities fail to heal, remain infected and discharge persistently after operation. However, the open mastoidectomy producer still holds a good place in chronic ear surgery, which could not be wholly replaced by the closed technique. Several factors contribute to the recurrence of discharge from open radical cavities. These include: -Suppuration in un-exentrated diseased cells. -Post operative appearance of cholesteatoma. -Secondary infection of the open mastoid cavity. -Mechanical factors related to aeration and dryness of the cavity such as:- . Meatal stenosis. . High facial ridge. . Large mastoid cavity. Management of the discharging open mastoid cavities starts by conservative treatment, which includes regular cleaning of the cavity, and the use of topical medication. Surgery is resorted to when conservative treatment has failed to render the cavity, dry and trouble free. Hearing results shows no difference between any type of operation whether open cavity techniques and mastoid cavity obliteration. The hearing result depend on the state of sound transmission system (as tympanic membrane and ossicular chain) and the ability for its reconstruction. We recommend ossicular reconstruction in cases with clean sac and in cases with, cholesterol granuloma and granulation tissue. But we do not recommend it in cases with frank cholesteatoma, as it will be affected by cholesteatoma with more incidence of complication.