الفهرس 
Introduction
Silage definitionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the silages as a basal diet in feeding animal by economically additives such as urea as a N-source and molasses as energy source separately or combined together on nutrient digestibility and nutritive values, rumen liquor parameters and some blood constituents.
The total amount of the whole maize plant (hybrid vr.320) was about 4.5 tons. The total amount separated into two parts.The first part (800 kg) whole maize plants were harvested at the dough stage (after 90 days from cultivation) was used for making the whole maize plant silage. The second part (3.2 tons): maize plants were harvested at the maturity stage (after 120 day from cultivation), after separation of the ears, these amount was divided into 4 equal portions (800 kg for each) for making stover maize silage.
The types of silage:
First portion: maize plant without ears (not treated) for making maize stover silage (MSS).
Second portion: maize plant without ears treated with 2% molasses (on fresh matter basis) for making maize stover silage treated with molasses (MSSM).
Third portion: maize plant without ears treated with 1% urea (on fresh matter basis) for making maize stover silage treated with urea (MSSU).
Fourth portion: maize plant without ears treated with 2%molasses and 1%urea (on fresh matter basis) for making maize stover silage treated with molasses and urea (MSSMU).
Fifth portion: whole maize plant with ears (not treated) for making whole maize silage (MSS).
The experimental rations and nutritional requirements:
R1: 77.62% maize stover silage (MSS) not treated+10.07%maize grains (MG)+10.36% sugar beet pulp (SBP)+1.95% urea (U) as supplemented.
R2: 77.88% MSS treated with 2% molasses (MSSM)+9.95%(MG)+10.24% (SBP)+1.93%(U) as supplemented.
R3: 79.67% MSS treated with 1% urea (MSSU)+10.02% (MG)+10.31% (SBP).
R4: 79.52% MSS treated with 2% molasses and 1% urea (MSSMU)+ 10.1% (MG)+10.38% (SBP).
R5: 80.97%: maize silage (MS) not treated + 8.56% (MG)+ 8.81% (SBP)+ 1.66% (U) as supplemented.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1.The results showed that the pH values and NH3-N concentrations were higher (P<0.05) with MSSU or MSSMU than the other tested silages, while the reverse trend was true in case of lactic acid concentrations.
2.The CF digestibility was higher (P<0.05) when feeding on R1 than R5 but there were no significant differences between R5 and R2 or R3 or R4.
3.The NFE digestibility was higher (P<0.05) with R5 than R1 or R2 or R3 and R4 .
4.The NDF digestibility was higher (P<0.05) when feeding on R1 or R3 or R5 than feeding on R2 or R4. There were no significant differences between R1 or R3 or R4 and between R1 or R3 or R5 rations.
5.Cellulose digestibility was higher (P<0.05) when feeding on R5 than feeding on R2 or feeding R4 and there was no significant difference when feeding on R1, R3 and R5 rations
6.The NFC digestibility was higher (P<0.05) with R5 than feeding on R1 or R2 or R3 and R4. There was no significant difference between R2 or R3 or R4, while NFC digestibility was lower (P<0.05) when feeding on R1 than feeding on R2 ration, but without significant difference with feeding on R3 or R4 rations
7.The TDN% was lower (P<0.05) when feeding on R5 ration than feeding on R1, R2, R3 and R4. The DCP% was higher (P<0.05) when feeding on R3or R4 than feeding on R1or R2 but there was no significant difference when feeding on R5.8.Blood metabolites were in the normal range, except for urea concentration which were higher than the recommended value.
9.The price of one unit of DM and TDN% for R1, R2 and R3 were less compared with R5, while of the price of the TDN% for R4 was equal as in R5.
Conclusion
From the foregoing results, it could be concluded that feeding sheep on R5 ration containing maize silage with ears +MG+SBP+U was the best one, in terms of followed by feeding R2 ration containing maize silage without ears treated with molasses (MSSM)+MG+SBP+U. Ration R2 or R5 were better in synergistic relationship of dietary CP to energy and TDNI/DCPI. Finally, care must be taken when using urea at high levels with poor quality roughage because increasing the intake of CP/ME, increases the urea content in blood, so feeding a balanced diet was recommended to reduce the concentrations of urea in blood. The feeding value of R1, R2 and R3 as TDN% in terms of TDN% was nutritionally and economically sufficient for local animal production of medium production level. On the other hand, the saved amounts of maize grains could be used for feeding human.