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Abstract Pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics, together with the closely related disciplines of pharmacodynamics and toxicodynamics, are rapidly emerging as important components of the drug discovery and development process. Pharmacokinetics is the study of the movements of drugs within the body i.e. absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Toxicokinetics is a unique expansion of the science of pharmacokinetics, but toxicokinetics studies are generally carried out at much higher doses that used in pharmacokinetics studies. Anatomical and physiological differences between and among men, non-pregnant women and pregnant women influence toxicokinetics and should therefore be considered in setting occupational exposure standards. Geriatrics and pediatrics are likely to develop toxicity from drugs because of altered pharmacokinetics and the use of multiple medications with the danger of drug interactions. The use of antidotes can modifies toxicokinetics parameters. The introduction of a new antidote is the prize awarded for the |