الفهرس 
Opioid receptors & endogenous opioidsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Butorphanol is a new totally synthetic agonist antagonsit opioid. It provides greater efficiency for pain lief than morphine with less risk of physical dependence and lack of dose related respiratory depression. It is widely used in the perioperative period together with it, use for pain relief. The aim of this study is to evaluate butorphanol effects on the liver, when used for total anaesthesia alone or in combination with other anaesthetics . In the experimental part, so of butorphanol was determined in mice by hot plate technique to determine the dose to be given to mice. Also was determined by giving different doses and observing mortalities among m- and data were presented by using Leichfield & Wilcoxon paper . Second, butorphanol was given either alone or in combination with other inhalationl anaesthetics to four gr (of mice plus the control group. The first group was kepi as control and received oxygen only 6L.min- 1.