الفهرس 
. IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity all over the world and
remains one of the most public health issues nowadays. The rise of deaths from various cancers
worldwide takes place continuously, with an estimated 12 million deaths in 2030 according to
the WHO recent statistics [1]. Despite the advanced knowledge of the biochemical processes
associated with carcinogenesis, the successful and safe treatment of cancer remains a significant
challenge [2]. Nearly half (48%) of all incident cases of cancer in males are for the prostate,
lung and colorectal cancers, whereas 52% of all new diagnoses in females are for breast, lung
and colorectal cancers, with breast cancer alone accounts for 31% of female cancer diagnoses.
Nevertheless, most common causes of death in men are lung, prostate and colorectal cancers,
whereas the most common causes of death in women are lung, breast and colorectal cancers
(Figure 1). The death rate because of female breast cancer peaked in 1989, but since then it has
dropped by 43% as a result of earlier diagnosis through mammography screening, increased
awareness, and advancements in treatment.