الفهرس 
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Abstract
Liver diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, Cirrhosis, viral hepatitis,
and liver cancer account for over 2 million deaths worldwide from liver disease, which accounts
for 4% of all deaths (Asrani SK, et al., 2019). By 2030, the WHO signatories planned to eliminate
viral hepatitis no longer a danger to public health. In comparison to the baseline year of 2015,
WHO defined elimination as a 65% decrease in mortality and a 90% decrease in incidence (WHO.
Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis, 2016–2021). The report concentrates on
hepatitis B and C since they account for 96% of all hepatitis-related deaths.
Despite a widespread immunization campaign across the world, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection
is still a serious health issue, because of its role in the pathogenesis of Hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC), cirrhosis, and chronic liver disease. Acute hepatitis B is a self-limiting condition that
affects around one-third of the world’s population and disappears after the virus is eradicated
(Revill, P.A et al., 2019).
With morbidities including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer, the hepatitis C virus
(HCV) is a hepatotropic positive-strand RNA virus and the most common cause of liver disease in
the world (Yamane D. et al., 2013). Most of the time, HCV can evade the immune system to
induce chronic hepatitis, which, if left untreated, frequently progresses to severe fibrosis and
cirrhosis (Rosen HR. 2011). Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) have made it possible to successfully
treat HCV in the vast majority of instances, even though there is no vaccination for the disease. As
a result, there are currently significant global initiatives to eradicate HCV (WHO Global Health
Sector Strategy 2016