الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
According to most current design codes, it is stated that individual footings
of a building shall be interconnected in two directions, generally at right
angles, by ground beams. Those ground beams should be designed for a
minimum downward load of q1 (10 kN/m recommended value) according
to Eurocode 2 (EN I-1992-2004), should have a design strength in tension
or compression at least equal to a force equal to 10% of SDS times the
larger pile cap or column factored dead plus factored live load according
to American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE 7-16) or should be capable
of carrying, in tension or compression, a force equal to the lesser of the
product of the larger footing design gravity load times the seismic
coefficient, SDS divided by 10 and 25 percent of the smaller footing design
gravity load according to the International Building Code (IBC 2009), SDS
depends on soil type and seismic ground motion.
It can be observed from the previously mentioned codes’ values
that some important parameters were not taken into consideration
(building structural system, number of stories and ground beam location
and cross-section). This study employs the direct analysis approach for
soil-structure interaction and the equivalent linear local site response
method, as well as the 3D viscous spring artificial boundary developed by
Liu Jingbo and Du Yixin (2006) to investigate the effects of dynamic soilstructure interaction using SAP 2000. The fundamental objectives of this
research study can be summarized as follows: Preparing a numerical
model capable of representing the seismic response of framed structures
under the effect of time history motion at the bedrock layer, Studying the
soil filtration effect and wave propagation through soil layers and theireffect on structure behavior and determine the straining actions generated
on the ground beams due to the earthquake and comparing it with the
corresponding values from the international codes.
Two earthquakes, El-Centrro and Kobe, are simulated using
SAP2000 software on a 15-story framed building situated on clay soil in
order to examine the viability of the finite element method used in this
study and the result obtained from the finite element model is compared
with the result obtained from shaking table test conducted by Xiaofeng
Zhang and Harry Far (2021).
The obtained results throughout the tables and graphs in this study
conclude that, the minimum recommended design values by the American
Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE 7-16), Eurocode 2 (EN I-1992-2004)
and the International Building Code (IBC 2009) for tensile axial force in
tie beams to the maximum axial compressive force in columns are very
conservative for the most studied cases and higher than all studied cases.