الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Language development at proper onset is an important indicator for normal
child’s development. Developmental language disorders are common in preschoolage children. It results due to a combination of biological, lifestyle and
environmental risk factors. Children with DLD are at elevated risk of academic,
behavioral, and social difficulties.
This case-control study was conducted at the phoniatrics outpatient clinics at
Menoufia University Hospitals, aiming to assess the potential risk factors associated
with DLD among pre-school children attending outpatient phoniatric clinics at
Menoufia university hospitals. This study includes 150 children with DLD and 150
healthy controls. The caregivers of those children were asked to answer a structured
interview questionnaire which included two parts, the first part included the sociodemographic data of the children and their families, and the second part included the
risk factors associated with DLD whether pre-natal, natal, and post-natal risk factors.
from the results, most of the children with DLD were first order (74%), males
(82%), from urban areas (64.7%), with low parents’ education (78.7%), living with
both parents (86%) and from low socio-economic standard (80%). Children with
consanguine parents, history of pre-eclampsia and whose mothers had obstetric
problems during child’s labor were significantly more risky for DLD than others.
Low birth weight, pathological jaundice, cyanosis, hypoxia/difficult breathing,
NICU/ hospital admission, and presence of feeding problems increased the risk of
DLD. There was significant difference between DLD children and controls
regarding presence of sensory-neural hearing impairment and the use of hearing aid.
So from the results obtained in this study, Prepare training programs for the
medical staff especially general practitioner about the normal milestones for language development and red flags of developmental delays and health education
sessions about the risk factors of DLD to raise awareness of parents and caregivers and to help them change their attitude towards their affected children and to avoid modifiable risk factors.