الفهرس 
Acceptable pain, comfort and analgesics use: Mother’s dilemma and healthcare providers’ responsibility.
Different modalities of analgesia in Cesarean sectionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Post-operative analgesia is of vital importance to prevent various undesirable side effects such as respiratory complications, venous thromboembolism, and increased hospital stay. Consequential pain and discomfort are expected after caesarean section (CS); hence, the analgesic regimen should assure efficient and safe anodyne. Commonly, opioids are used for post-caesarean pain relief. While dose dependent respiratory depression is the most discomforting side effect, other
insignificant side effects such as pruritus, itching, gastrointestinal upset and urinary retention can be vexing during the initial puerperium (153). Effective analgesia after cesarean section is critical to allow for mother-child bonding, early postoperative ambulation and discharge, resulting in greater patient satisfaction. Use of regional anesthesia for cesarean section has provided an option for rendering post-operative analgesia with neuraxial opiods. Also, it is associated with a decline in anesthesia-related maternal mortality (154). The most common methods of pain management after cesarean section include continuous epidural or spinal analgesia, intramuscular subcutaneous and intravenous administration of opoid analgesics, continouse wound infiltration, ketamine and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (162).The use of intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) in obstetrics was first described in 1976 and since then has been widely used (163). Patient controlled analgesia (PCA) is a means for the patient to selfadminister analgesics (pain medications) intravenously by using a computerized pump, which introduces specific doses into an intravenous line. The purpose of PCA is to improve pain control. Standard PCA uses.