الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Distal radius fracture is the most common fracture of the upper extremity. There is very disagreement on its classification, treatment, functional and radiologic outcome. Distal radius fractures have met different kind of managements such as conservative treatment that first Colle’s describes, close reduction and cast immobilization, external fixation, close reduction and percutaneous fixation with kirrschner wires and open reduction and internal fixation.
There were lots of studies to find out the advantages of one upon the others and although among these methods of treatment some has known advantages among others but the gold standard method of treatment is still a matter of debate. For example, when using some kind of fixation like percutaneous fixation with Kirschner wires in order to protect the fracture from further displacement till the time of bone healing; concerns are present till the bones are healed.
Among various techniques of wire insertions there are two distinct methods: insertion of wire through the fracture sites and insertion across the fracture sites. The former in which two or three wire are inserted through fracture sites and cross the opposite cortex. The technique was first described by Kapandji in 1976, and since then various modification has been introduced. The later method has also been through many different modifications. For example, two wires insertion through radius styloid and one through lunate articular facet has become more popular.
kapandji technique has some theoretical and biomechanical advantages upon the extra-focal techniques. Of these is that the fixation in the kapandji method is dynamic in contrast to extra-focal fixations in which it is more static and its conguration is much biomechanically stable.
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This study was carried out on 40 patients attending Suez Canal University