الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this study, we describe the thermoluminescence characteristics of pure BaTi5O11 and Ce-doped BaTi5O11 after exposure to ꞵ-radiation.
We prepared pure BaTi5O11 and BaTi5O11 doped with various concentrations of cerium (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1 %) by sol-gel technique. Then we studied the crystal structure of the samples by using the XRD technique.
We irradiated the prepared samples with 55 Gy of ꞵ-dose and then investigated the TL intensity and glow curves. The 0.7% Ce-BaTi5O11 sample gave the highest TL intensity so, we made a comparison study between pure and 0.7% Ce-BaTi5O11 samples.
The XPS technique proved that the pure sample contains Ti4+, Ba2+, and O2- but the doped sample contains Ti4+, Ba2+, O2-, and Ce3+.
SEM and TEM confirmed that the pure sample had different shapes and sizes, but the doped sample had a more uniform quasi-spherical shape and particles still varied in size.
The DRS technique was used to determine the band gap energy (Eg) by using tauc relation. The Eg of BaTi5O11 and 0.7% Ce-BaTi5O11 were determined to be 3.39 and 3.37 eV, respectively.
The glow curve appeared as a wide peak, so we used the Tmax-Tstop method to find out the peaks number and positions within the glow curve then we calculated the kinetic parameters using the glow curve deconvolution (GCD) method.
We compared the electron traps in pure and 0.7% Ce-BaTi5O11 samples. We found that the pure sample had six traps with depths of 0.94, 1.11, 1.22, 1.27, 1.35, and 1.40 eV, while the 0.7% Ce-BaTi5O11 sample had seven traps with depths of 0.93, 1.08, 1.16, 1.23, 1.29, 1.35, and 1.38 eV.
The BaTi5O11 sample doped with 0.7% Ce3+ exhibits the best performance among the tested samples, with high stability, high TL intensity, linear response to β- rays ranging from 5.5 Gy to 385 Gy, and repeatability results after exposure to 55 Gy of β-rays.