الفهرس 
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Abstract
In higher education institutions, digital transformation is becoming increasingly important. It is the use of digital technologies to improve an organization’s performance. Higher education institutions can benefit from digital transformation by becoming more efficient, effective, and competitive. Identifying critical success factors for implementing digital transformation in higher education institutions is critical for achieving desired results. The key elements that must be present for an organization to achieve its goals are referred to as critical success factors. Having a clear vision and strategy, having the right technology and resources, developing a culture of innovation and collaboration, and having strong leadership are all examples of these factors.
The current study aimed to identify critical success factors of utilizing digital transformation and their availability from an academic staff perspective at the Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University. It was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing as a higher education institution that had to integrate digital transformation to cope with the global requirement as a result of Egypt Vision 2030.
Research design
A descriptive research design was used in this study. This type of design was chosen because the researcher is interested in describing the critical success factors of utilizing digital transformation from an academic staff perspective as they exist naturally, without intervention for anything or control of the situation being studied.
The study subjects:
The study subjects include all academic staff members (N=320) who were available during the period of data collection and agreed to participate in this study. Their distributions were as the following: Faculty managers, Faculty members, and supporting staff with at least one year of experience. They are categorized as follows; professor emeritus (N=49), professor (N=26), assistant professor (N=50), lecturer (N=81), assistant lecturer (N=58), and demonstrators (N=56).
Tool
Digital transformation Critical success Factors questionnaire
It was developed by the researcher based on the review of the current related literature of Al-Najjar (2004), Elliot, et al. (2016), and Mahmoud, (2018), to identify critical success factors of utilizing digital transformation and their availability from an academic staff perspective. It consisted of five main dimensions and 51 sub- dimensions namely: Top management strategies for utilizing digital transformation (13 sub-dimensions), Academic scientific communication (10 sub-dimensions), Faculty teaching (9 sub-dimensions), Evaluation (10 sub-dimensions), and Scientific research (9 sub-dimensions). In addition an open-ended question asked about the subject’s opinion regarding any additional factors influencing digital transformation.
The responses were measured through two Likert scales; the first scale is a three-point Likert scale ranging from (1) “disagree” to (3) “agree”. The second scale is five points Likert scale ranging from (5) Always available to (1) Not available. There were no negative statements. In addition, socio-demographic and professional data included age, sex, academic position, years of experience, and department .
An official permission was obtained from the Dean of the Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University to collect the data from the study subjects.
Data collection:
In this study, data was collected by two methods according to the study subject’s interest, the first one was by the researcher through self-administered questionnaires, it was hand-delivered to the study subjects at their working settings, the subject were asked to return back to the researcher after a definite period of time at the study setting, the second on delivered through social media as (formal faculty WhatsApp group) Using Microsoft team platform. Time needed to fill the questionnaire was 15-20 minutes.
Data collection and tabulation took a period of six months from 28 June to 30 December 2022. After data were collected it was revised, coded, and fed to statistical software IBM SPSS version 25. Quantitative data were summarized by the arithmetic mean, and standard deviation. All statistical analysis was done using two-tailed tests and. A P-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Ethical Considerations:
- A written informed consent from the study subjects was obtained after explaining the aim of the study.
- Regarding the distribution of the questionnaire online, the return of the questionnaire was considered as acceptance for participation.
- Confidentiality of the collected data was maintained and anonymity was assured.
- The subject’s voluntary participation and the right to withdraw at any time from the study were assured.
The following were the main results of the present study
1. The vast majority of academic staff (93.4%) were female.
2. The highest percentage of their age, (42.2%) of academic staff have from 30 - 40 years old.
3. Moreover, (23.1%) of academic staff were working in the medical-surgical department, while a minority of them (6.2%) were working in the nursing education department.
4. The percentage of their Job title, (25.3%) were Lecturers, (18.1%) were assistant lecturers, (17.5%) were demonstrators, and (15.6%) were Assist. Professors, (15.3%) were professors’ emeritus, and (8.2%) were professors.
5. Concerning the years of experience, more than one-third of them (36.8%) have less than 10 years of experience.
6. The survey data supported that overall responses consider Top management strategies for utilizing digital transformation, Academic scientific communication, Faculty Teaching, Evaluation, and Scientific research as critical success factors of utilizing digital transformation.
7. The strongest correlation was present between each dimension.
8. the majority of academic staff perceived additional critical success factors to be, that the faculty should accelerate Wi-Fi at the maximum rate but control its uses, availability of financial resources for digital transformation with sustainability, Understand customer value, expectations, and behavior to align the entire organization with digital goals and strategies, Disseminate educational videos about how to utilize digital transformation and facilitating the use of the smart board to be available in each classroom and connected to the internet.
The finding of this study results in the following recommendations:
Higher education institutions seeking to implement digital transformation initiatives should focus on:
- Ensure top management strategies for utilizing digital transformation for the initiative.
- Establish effective academic scientific communication
- Invest in Faculty teaching development.
- Foster use of electronic evaluation
- Invest in technologies to help the scientific research.