الفهرس 
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Abstract
People of all ages are increasingly at risk for developing diabetes mellitus (DM), a condition characterized by an inadequate response to insulin. The kidneys, eyes, heart, nerves, and blood arteries all suffer irreparable damage and failure from the chronic hyperglycemia brought on by diabetes.
In type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM), beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the immune system and cannot produce insulin. Hyperglycemia and ketosis ensue from this condition, making insulin replacement essential for treatment.
Curcumin, the most abundant curcuminoid in turmeric root, has the molecular structure (diferuloylmethane). The Zingiberaceae family includes the perennial plant curcuma (Curcuma longa L.). Several pathological disorders can be treated with one dose of curcumin because of the molecule’s multitargeting capabilities. Metabolic syndrome, arthritis, anxiety, and hyper lipidemia are just few of the illnesses that curcumin can help bring into equilibrium.
MiR-375, the most abundant miRNA in beta-cells and one of the first miRNAs reported as a crucial component governing insulin secretion, seems to regulate the ratio of beta-cells to alpha-cells in developing islets. Upregulation of miR-21 has been associated to multiple different forms of cancer, making it one of the most well-known mammalian microRNAs found to date. Glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes patients were also shown to have significantly elevated levels of miR-21 in their islets. Diabetes in mice is characterized by increased insulin-induced glucose absorption and decreased PTEN protein expression which decreases beta cell growth.
Purpose of the study: The present study aims to assess the effects of curcumin (Cur) to regulate STZ-induced type I diabetes in rats through micro RNA-375 and micro RNA-21 expression.
Basic procedures; There were four distinct groups of rats. Diabetic (D) received a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg) via intra-peritoneal (IP) injection, diabetic (DC) received low dose curcumin (100 mg/kg/day) via gavage for 28 days, and diabetic (DC) with high dose curcumin (200 mg/kg/day) via gavage for 28 days were compared to controls (C) receiving saline. After 28 days of therapy, the rats were scarified, fasting blood glucose was measured for all rats, sera were isolated from rats in all groups and used to access the serum insulin level, RNA was separated for measuring micro RNA375 and micro RNA21expression by RT-PCR and histopathological examination was done for pancreatic tissue in all groups.
Our findings: Our study showed significant decrease blood glucose level and significant increase serum insulin level in both curcumin treated groups compared to diabetic group. Curcumin had curative effect on STZ induced T1DM through up regulation of micro RNA-375 with dose (200mg/kg) & micro RNA21 expression with dose (100mg/kg).
Procedures: We isolated micro RNA from the serum of all groups and utilized real-time polymerase chain reaction to analyze their expression of miR-375 and miR-21. Paraffin slices of pancreatic tissue from all groups were stained with H&E.