الفهرس 
Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, the Metabolic SyndromeOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 148 |  |  |
| | | from | 148 | | |
Abstract
Obesity is the increase of fat mass which could cause serious health problems including chronic diseases, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus by inducing a state of low-grade inflammation. Over the past three decades obesity has been a worldwide epidemic and a serious threat to human health. Insulin resistance has been considered the link between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Molecular and phenotypic changes in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the liver are involved in the development of insulin resistance and eventually T2DM. The skeletal muscle accounts for approximately 75% of whole-body insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, hence tissue defects play a critical role in glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic patients. Skeletal muscle was recently shown to have endocrine properties by secreting active metabolites known as(myokines) in response to several stimuli, including muscle contraction during physical activity and/or nutritional changes. Irisin was described as an exercise induced myokine with a peptide structure of 112 amino acids. One of the most important functions of irisin is the possible regulation of thermogenesis. It causes browning of white adipose tissue. Several studies all over the world began to study the link between irisin and diabetes mellitus. Irisin is associated with improved glucose homeostasis by reducing insulin resistance. Consequently, several studies attempted to characterize the role of irisin in glucose regulation, but contradictory results have been reported, and even the existence of this hormone has been questioned. from this point of view, we will study the circulating levels of irisin in obese and non-obese type 2 diabetic patients. Summary 102 The aim of this study was evaluation of circulating serum irisin levels in obese and non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to elucidate its relationship with anthropometric and metabolic parameters. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus divided into 2 groups according to BMI: • Obese group (n=94) • Non obese group (n = 106). All patients were subjected to history talking, clinical examination including waist circumference in centimeter, BMI, muscle mass, fat free mass, ECG and echocardiography and laboratory investigation as HbA1C, HOMAIR and serum irisin level by ELISA.