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Abstract
In the present work, activities of nodulation, phenoloxidase system (PO), inducible nitric oxide (iNO), and immune - reactive lysozymes (Lys) were assessed as components of immune responses. This was accomplished in naïve, saline - injected, micrococcus luteus - challenged 3rd instar sarcophaga argyrostoma. modulation of the immune responses also was assessed under the effect of eicosanoid - biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) dexamethasone (Dex), ibuprofen (Ibu), and phenidone (Phe); the biogenic monoamines octopamine (OA) and 5 - hydroxytryptamine (5 - HT); and the insect growth regulator (IGR) azadirachtin (Aza). Constitutive levels of humoral immune defenses were indicated. Bacteria - challenging by intrahemocoelic injection of heat - killed M. luteus induced biosynthesis of proPO, and its release from hemocytes, as well as its activation to PO in plasma. Augmentation of the immune - reactive Lys and iNO were indicated in a descending order in hemocytes > fatbody > plasma