الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of study: The current study was conducted to synthesize, characterize and evaluate a novel injectable bone scaffolds combine hydroxyapatite, iron oxide nanoparticles and bisphosphonates. Materials and methods: Iron oxide (IO) doped hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites in different ratios were prepared by wet precipitation method. Bisphosphonate-containing composites were obtained by drop-wise addition of alendronate solutions (ALE) to previous prepared composites. The chemical composition and microstructure of the prepared nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Pastes were prepared by mixing the prepared composites powder with sodium alginate (Na-Alg) solution. Injectability of the pastes was evaluated by the amount of the paste retained in the syringe after load application. Compressive strength of specimens was measured using universal testing machine at the loading rate of 2mm/min. The applied load was parallel to the long axis of the specimens. Biodegradation of specimens was evaluated using simulated body fluid (SBF) and degradation percentage was calculated using Kazanji and Watkins method. Moreover, MTT assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the prepared scaffold.