الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a congenital anomaly caused by failure of the spinal neural tube to close. It is also known as spina bifida, leads to bowel, bladder, motor, and sensory paralysis below the level of the spinal lesion. Patients with myelomeningocele can have other lesions of the spinal cord.Almost all patients with MMC will experience problems with foot deformity, which may present as club foot, vertical talus, calcaneus, equinus, varus, valgus, or a combination of deformities according to the level of the lesion. So accurate neurological and orthopedic examination of these patients is important. Radiological assessment is needed for diagnosis of these deformities and for planning of their correction. Club foot is the most common deformity occurred in these patients. It is rigid and complex. Ponseti technique is used initially and if failed, posteromedial release should be done. Recurrence is common so double osteotomy or talectomy may be needed.