الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 82 |  |  |
| | | from | 82 | | |
Abstract
Initiation of labour before to 37 weeks (259 days) of gestation is considered preterm labour. It has been stated that in some wealthy nations, preterm birth rates are between 5% and 7% of live births, but it is predicted to be much higher in poorer countries. According to the World Health Organization, the number of premature births (before 37 weeks of gestation) is increasing at an alarming rate, reaching an estimated 15 million year.
Infants born prematurely are at a higher risk for a variety of medical issues, including those related to their lungs and breathing. These issues include respiratory distress syndrome, chronic lung disease, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular haemorrhage, and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy are all examples of neurological disorders that may arise from being born with a congenital heart defect such a patent ductus arteriosus.
Necrotizing enterocolitis and rickets in premature infants are two examples of the metabolic and gastrointestinal problems that may arise in premature babies. Anemia of prematurity, thrombocytopenia, and hyperbilirubinemia are all haematological consequences. The risks of cerebral palsy, sensory impairments, cognitive problems, and respiratory disease are all increased in prematurely delivered children compared to full-term births. Significant physical, psychological, and monetary expenses are linked with premature delivery that do not disappear until much later in life.
Preterm delivery accounts for 28% of all neonatal fatalities (deaths occurring during the first 7 days of life) not caused by a birth defect.
Medical conditions of the mother or foetus are linked to preterm birth, such as a history of preterm labour, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and indicated preterm delivery (the most common conditions requiring preterm birth are preeclampsia, severe foetal growth restriction due to uteroplacental insufficiency, antepartum haemorrhage, placenta previa, abruption placentae, Rhiso-imm
from November 1, 2021, through April 30, 2022, researchers at El-Minya Maternity University Hospital will examine the causes of premature births and the resulting mother and infant morbidity and death.
This retrospective observational research included 400 women who came to the Obstetrics and Gynecological Department at Minia Maternity University Hospital between weeks 28 and 37 of pregnancy.
The study’s primary findings showed that 52.3% of patients were between the ages of 18 and 29, while 19.5% were between the ages of 30 and 34, and 28.2% were between the ages of 35 and 39, with a mean age SD of 27.16 6.51 years.
It was found that 68.3% of women were rural residents and 31.8% were city dwellers. It was determined that 82.5% of women did not have jobs, 8.3% were educators, 8.5% were self-employed, and 0.8% were employed. Average gestational age was 34.492.87 weeks. Mean parity was 1.82 1.74, with a range of 0–4, and mean gravidity was 3.22 1.81, with a range of 1–6. Additionally, 122 cases (30.5%) had a history of abortion, and 128 instances (32%), had a prior scar. Previous C.S. history was identified in 128 instances (32 percent ). Among pregnant women, 2.8% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes, 2.5% with gestational hypertension, 2 with epilepsy, and 1 with COVID-positivity in the first trimester. One woman had renal hydronephrosis, chronic calcular cholecystitis, and piles, and 2.5% of women had a history of hypertension, 1.3% of women had a history of cardiac illness, and 1% of women had a history of hyperthyroidism; 0.5% of women had a history of epilepsy and HCV. Two ladies had D&C and five women had open-heart surgery in their past. More over half of the instances (57.3% in one study) had used Dexa in a prior pregnancy. Only 31.1% of newborns required incubator care. There was a 1.2% increase in the incidence of deaths among newborns. The average (SD) APGAR score for the first minute was 7.34 (1.06), whereas the corresponding value for the fifth minute was 8.92 (1.34). More over half of the newborns were male (59.2%), while just 167 were female (40.8%). The average (SD) newborn weight was 2828.26 (722.94) grammes, with a range of 400-4000 g. 409 babies were born, of whom 9 were multiples. Tocolysis was successful in 149 of these pregnancies (37.3 percent ). More over half of all births were accomplished through caesarean section (52.8%), while 47.3% were accomplished naturally inside the birth canal. Low back pain was the most prevalent complaint among the women in this study, accounting for 36.3% of all cases. This was followed by vaginal infection (21.3%), stomach discomfort (18.5%), and sensitive scar (44%). (11 percent ). Fourteen women (3.5%) in the present pregnancy were diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, 3.3% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes, and 3.5% were diagnosed with hypertension. UTI was present in 143 patients (35.8 percent). Thirteen individuals (3.6% of total cases) had vaginal haemorrhage. There were 150 women affected by PROM (37.5%) and 36 women affected by oligohydramnios (9.0%).
Our findings suggest the need for larger-scale research with longer follow-up periods to further stress our conclusion.
Conclusion
One of the primary causes of infant morbidity and death, preterm delivery ( 37 weeks of gestation) is also a huge public health burden. Worldwide, preterm births account for 15 million (11.1%) of all births each year. Despite the growing problem of premature deliveries across the globe, data from low-income regions is very limited. It is crucial to reduce the burden of preterm births in order to accomplish the Sustainable Development Goal 3 objective of reducing the infant death rate to 12 per 1,000 live births by 2030. Premature infant mortality is greater, according to a global survey of poor and middle-income nations (LMICs). Increased mortality has been linked mostly to infections in newborns. They have a higher risk of malnutrition, chronic illnesses, and premature mortality compared to term newborns, and they are more likely to have neurocognitive and motor deficits in the short and long terms. Many potential causes of premature birth have been discovered. Premature delivery has been linked to a number of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. These include maternal age, smoking, and race or ethnicity. Researchers have shown that moms with lower levels of education are more likely to have premature births. Successful tocolysis was reported in 149 patients in our research (37.3 percent ). More over half of all births were accomplished through caesarean section (52.8%), while 47.3% were accomplished naturally inside the birth canal. Contrarily, only 31.1% of newborns required incubator care. There was a 1.2% increase in the incidence of deaths among newborns.