الفهرس 
Title : Assessment of Early Vascular Changes in Adult Females with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Correlation with Insulin Resistance
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Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a long lasting, complex, hormonal condition associated with microvascular endothelial dysfunction and strongly related to CIMT changes at an early age, and that to a great extent independent of obesity, IR. Insulin resistance may be not a cause of atherosclerotic changes in PCOS, but definitely it would be a consequence.
PCOS appears to be a complicated disease with involvement of different genetic, environmental and diet/lifestyle factors, such as insulin resistance and excess weight. Also, it is related to chronic low-grade inflammation as demonstrated by increased levels of circulating inflammatory markers.
Atherosclerosis, a dominant and growing cause of mortality and disability worldwide, involves inflammation from its start to the emergence of complications.
A case- control study has been applied on Seventy Egyptian females
.They were divided into 50 diagnosed to have PCOS using Rotterdam Criteria and aged from 18 to 40 years (PCOS group) and 20 in control group who were selected to match the age and weight of the PCOS participants.
All participants underwent assessment of ED using brachial artery FMD, as well as measurement of CIMT using high resolution Doppler ultrasonography.
ED represents an initial reversible step in atherogenesis development, so early clinical identification of ED may play a pivotal in the prevention or reversal of progression to atherosclerosis. Also, CIMT is considered as an early marker of atherosclerosis.
Participants were subjected to thorough history and examination, after applying of exclusion criteria , with no history of any chronic medical illness e.g. chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, hypertension, Diabetes type 1 or type 2 , patients proved to have atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and patients younger than 18 years or older than 40 years, laboratory investigations done including fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, lipid profile, TSH and testosterone with calculation of HOMA-IR index.
Analysis of data and correlation with ED, CIMT showed that PCOS women have significant endothelial dysfunction &premature systemic atherosclerosis at an early age, and to a great extent independent of obesity, IR. It goes without saying that insulin resistance may be not an etiology for ED in PCOS, but definitely it would be a result.