الفهرس 
Title : The Assessment of antibacterial effect of diode laser versus nanosilver fluoride on streptococcus mutans count of oral biofilm of primary teeth
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Abstract
Oral streptococci are commonly found in the human oral cavity and are considered the foremost cariogenic pathogens in tooth decay. The purpose of this study was toassess the antibacterial effect of diode laser versus Nanosilver fluoride on the count of streptococcus mutans in oral biofilm of primary teeth in-vitro.
Materials and Methods: 72 extracted human primary anterior teeth were prepared and equally divided into four groups according to the test agent employed: group I: control group with 2 subdivisions (Negative control with no oral bacterial biofilm formation and Positive control with oral bacterial biofilm formation), group II: Nanosilver fluoride, group III: diode laser 980 nm with 2 subdivisions (high power and low power) and group IV: Nanosilver fluoride, then low power diode laser. A biofilm of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) was prepared and grown on the enamel surface of teeth. Before and after treatment, environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) were used to analyze the surface morphology of the enamel surface. After the treatment procedures, the samples were returned to the glass tubes containing the 1ml phosphate buffer and incubated for 24 h. After that, the test tube was sonicated to separate the biofilm formed on the enamel surface of the sample, and the number of colony-forming units per milliliter in each group (CFU/ml dry biofilm weight) was determined
Results: Both Nanosilver fluoride and diode lasers (980nm) show significant antibacterial effects on Streptococcus mutans biofilm, and reduce its number and vitality. group II (Nanosilver fluoride) and group IV (Nanosilver fluoride and Low power diode laser) showed the highest reduction of bacterial count and viability although no statistically significant difference was found between them where (p=0.654) followed by group III (diode laser group) with no statistically significant difference between the high power diode and low power diode groups where (p=0.506), although the low power diode gave better results than the high power diode.
Conclusion:The application of Nanosilver fluoride, diode laser, or their combination is a successful method for the reduction of microbial colonies of Streptococcus mutans in the oral biofilm. NSF is the most effective agent against the viability and reduction of Streptococcus mutans followed by the diode laser, although there is no significant difference between high power and low power diodes. NSF and diode laser prevented the loss of minerals on the enamel surface of the specimen, and the content of calcium and phosphorus was retained and increased in all groups.