الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The rate of environmental pollution has reached extensive limits in the last few decades. There are huge amounts of environmental emissions associated with project life cycle phases. Moreover, construction industry consumes enormous amounts of energy. This research introduces Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology to calculate execution time, life cycle cost, environmental impact and primary energy associated with construction alternatives. Monte Carlo simulation is introduced to account for variations in calculation of equivalent carbon dioxide emissions. Multi- objective optimization is performed using genetic algorithm taking into account four objective functions; project duration, project life cycle cost, project overall emissions and total project primary energy. Eight multi-criteria decision making techniques are presented to rank alternatives obtained from Pareto frontier points. The research introduces three group decision making techniques to provide final ranking of alternatives. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the most sensitive attribute, the most sensitive measure of performance and the most sensitive stage of construction process that affects environmental emissions