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Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the lethality, residue, toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of acetone in serum of male albino rats as a mammalian model. The lethality percentile doses (LDs): LD₁ to LD₉₉ of acetone at 24 hours were estimated after oral-intubation with acetone. The computed LD₅, LD₃₀ and LD₅₀ were 1.3, 3.0 and 4.6 g / kg b. wt., respectively. Three groups of male albino rats were orally-intubated with a single dose of 0g (group 1: control), LD₅ (group 2) and LD₃₀ (group 3) of acetone / kg b. wt. Statistically, the acetone residue in serum of rats of groups 1, 2 and 3 and the areas under curves (AUC and AUC {u0368} {u0367} {u036B} ) and areas under moment curves (AUMC and AUMC {u0368} {u0367} {u036B} ) in serum of rats of groups 2 and 3 were significantly affected by the experimental periods (1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours), intubated doses (0, 1.3 and 3.0 g) and their interactions. The acetone residue in serum of rats of groups 2 and 3 showed a negative exponential relationship with the experimental periods with correlation coefficients (r) - 0.95 and - 0.72, respectively. In comparison with rats of group 2, the AUC total AUMC total, half- life of elimination (T ¹ {u2044} ₂), the mean retention time (MRT) of acetone in serum of rats of group 3 were significantly increased, whereas the total clearance (CL) and the elimination rate constant (Lz) were markedly decreased at all the experimental periods. The levels of glucose, urea, total lipids, triglycerides, ii cholesterol and AST activities in serum of rats of groups 1, 2 and 3 were significantly affected by the experimental time, doses of acetone and their interactions. In conclusion, the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of acetone in serum of mammals were time and dose- dependent.