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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex syndrome which is responsible for numerous complications affecting the whole body. Osteoporosis is regarded as one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus that results from reduced bone formation and increased resorption. In this context, we searched for dietary supplements that accelerate bone metabolism and preserve diabetic bone loss. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been suggested as a possible underlying mechanism affecting bone homeostasis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. This study investigates the osteoprotective effects of L-arginine and soy enriched diet supplements through modulation of serum PTH level and its association with bone turnover abnormalities in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups; normal control, untreated STZ-diabetic rats and STZ-diabetic rats treated with either L-arginine (10mg/kg/day) or fed soy enriched diet (200g/kg diet) for 12 weeks. L-arginine and soy enriched diet normalized serum PTH level, with a concomitant increase in bone formation markers (serum osteocalcin level along with bone osteocalcin, osteoprotegrin (OPG) and runt-related 2 (runx2) mRNA levels) as compared to STZ-diabetic rats. A decrease in serum pyridinoline (PYD), C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX), cathepsin k levels and bone cathepsin k mRNA level (bone resorption markers) was observed along with an amelioration of the observed histopathological changes compared to untreated diabetic rats. Both treatments significantly increased serum insulin and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels and decreased urinary calcium excretion with no effect on serum calcium levels