الفهرس 
Possible protective role of gene expression of certain enzymes in experimentally induced fulminant hepatic failure in rats
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Abstract
This study was designed to test the hypothesis that SFN (3 mg/kg) or melittin (0.1 mg/kg) may protect against FHF induced in rats using combined D-galactosamine (GalN; 300 mg/kg) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 30 og/kg) administration. The rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of SFN or melittin 1 h before the FHF induction. The used drugs reduced the mortality and alleviated the pathological liver injury. In addition, they significantly reduced the increase in serum aminotransferase activities and lipid peroxidation. Increases in serum tumor necrosis factor-Ü (TNF-Ü), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, which were observed in GalN/LPS- treated rats, were significantly reduced using SFN or melittin. The GalN/LPS treatment increased the expression of superoxide dismutase-1, glutathione peroxidase 2, catalase and heme oxygenase-1 genes. SFN or melittin inhibited the induction of reactive oxygen species scavenging proteins. Moreover, they inhibited GalN/LPS-induced caspase-3 activation and suppressed FAS and FASL expression. These findings suggest that SFN or melittin alleviates GalN/LPS-induced liver injury possibly by exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects and modulation of certain antioxidant defense enzymes