الفهرس 
Vitrectomy with Internal Limiting Membrane 3ILM3 Peeling in management of diffuse non- tractional diabetic macular edema
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 126 |  |  |
| | | from | 126 | | |
Abstract
Macular edema is the leading cause of visual impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus. It progressively decreases visual acuity, with more than half of the patients losing at least 2 lines within 2 years. It can be classified morphologically as focal and diffuse and etiologically based on vitreoretinal interface as tractional and non-tractional. Macular laser photocoagulation was considered as standard treatment for diabetic macular edema for many years but it wasn{u2019}t successful in improving visual acuity. Intravitreal steroid injection was introduced in management of diabetic macular edema but it was associated with progressive cataract formation (with up to 50% of phakic patient need cataract surgery by 2 years) and elevation of intraocular pressure and the need for reinjection and it didn{u2019}t show superiority over laser as monotherapy in treatment of diabetic macular edema