الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In this thesis, we have synthesized new heterocyclic compounds for industrial application and biological evaluations. The thesis is divided into two parts as follow:Part I: Simple organic dyes containing multiple anchors as effective co-sensitizers for DSSCs loaded with Ru(II) complex N-719:In this part, we report a comprehensive photovoltaic investigation of eight pure organics, structurally simple, and low-cost 2-cyano-N-thiazolyacrylamide dyes (1-8) co-sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with the standard Ru (II) dye (N-719). Theoretical density functional theory (DFT) confirmed using synthesized dyes (1-8) for dye-sensitized solar cell applications. The co-sensitization by the absorption of co-sensitizers 1-8 leads to a broader light-harvesting ability (300–750 nm) and scored photovoltaic efficiency at a range of 6.08%–9.30%. All the multi-anchoring functions presented in bis(2-cyanoacetamide) and 2-cyanacrylamide co-sensitizers demonstrate promising co-sensitizers for excellent photovoltaic performance response on the standard dye (N-719). When the structures 1-8 applied for DSSCs, almost all dyes showed better conversion efficiency than N-719 alone due to their small sizes; the higher degree of molecular matching between the principal dye (N-719) as well as 2-cyanoacetamide and bis(2-cyanoacetamide) co-sensitizers is pivotal in surface blocking of the dye layer and reducing electron recombination, reflected on reducing π-π stacking with N-719 and increasing the photovoltage values, so they play an amazing role as co-sensitizers.Part II: Synthesis of novel heterocyclic compounds and evaluation their biological activities:In this part, cyanoacetamide compounds were selected in their project, as they are used as anti-bacterial, anti-tumor and anti-oxidant agents to serve as an initiator in the construction of thiazolidine-5-one derivatives and thiosemicarbazone, Cyanoacetylhydrazone. The antibacterial activity of the aforementioned substances was evaluated against two types of Gram-positive bacteria and two types of negative bacteria, while comparing the results with penicillin, a reference compound. Compound 14 was the most active While the thiazolidine-5-one derivatives.The new cyanobenzaldehyde compounds were tested as antioxidants, the results were as follows compared to ascorbic acid as a reference compound: 15>16>20>14 compound with an inhibition rate of 52.7%, 48.4%, 45.3, 42.9%, respectively.