الفهرس 
Detection and monitoring of sand dune mobility and its impact on agricultural areas In Egypt and Libya
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Abstract
Sand dune movement and its consequences are one of the major environmental
problems faced by populations of arid and semi-arid areas. This study has investigated
the observed changes in sand dune coverage compared to predictions, and has also
assessed the impact of its movement on human activity in Siwa Oasis in Egypt and
Murzuq area in Libya. The present study used multi data remotely sensing data to detect
the movement of sand dunes in both areas, in addition to meterological data for Egypt
and Libya to draw rose diagram and notice the dominant wind direction and its effect
on the areas. All data were verified by field investigation at the study site in Egypt. The
aim of the current work was to map out sand movement and detail the impact of such
movement on adjacent areas, through the analysis of multi-temporal space data. The
study involved both the analysis of multi-date satellite images (Landsat 7 ETM+ 2006,
Sentinel-2 2016 and 2020), and the conduction of field investigations. Data analysis
indicated considerable changes to the land cover of the study area over time. There were
clearly observable changes to the distribution of sand dunes, as well as three-quarters
decline in cultivated land in the nearby oasis as a result to sand movement. Nearby solar
panels, installed as part of a development project, were completely covered by sand
dunes within four years of being set up. Protected areas around the oasis were also
greatly affected by the motion of sand dunes. The sand dunes in the both areas had a
greater predicted rate of sand transport which was related to its origin. The current study
concluded a primary determination of sand dunes movement over the study periods and
the loss of cultivated lands due to dune creeping.
The thesis concludes that the overriding determinant in greater the sand dune movement
in the studied areas are also effected by human impacts. The farmers have planted trees
locally to reduce sand dune movement in addition, there are some projects and natural
protected areas are affected also by sand movement as a natural factor without human
impact.
The detection of sand dune migration were examined in the present study in two
methods; the first one is digitizing by using satellite images and it was found that the
rate of migration is 1.7m per year.
While the second method is the change detection using Arc GIS, it was found that
the migration rate differ in the last 4 years (2016 to 2020) starting from 2006 to 2011
the rate migration is constant in comparison with the second period 2012 to 2016, while
the chart illustrates severe migration rate in the period 2016 to 2020, also it is obvious
that the complex dunes migration rate is higher than the simple dunes