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Abstract The experiment was conducted at village of El- Marazeeq-Giza Governorate during the period between September 2014 and October 2015. The area was cultivated with tomato and rotation with cultivated maize and between two cultivated leave the land fallow. This study is to investigate the effect of crop type, crop rotation, tillage, fertilizer and crap type on the activity density of soil fauna. Ground-dwelling invertebrates were sampled using pitfall traps. This experiment continued for 13 months, ten pitfall traps were distributed in each plot of the mentioned field, cultivated with different cover crop and when its fallow samples were taken at every two weeks intervals from each cultivation and fallow, samples were taken by setting the traps for 24 hours. Forty – seven species were sampled from 1103 individuals. The highest abundance was found under maize growing conditions (533 individuals), the number decreased to (357) under tomato and the lowest abundance values were found in fallow (213individuals). Fauna were classified into the five main functional group, herbivores (agricultural potential pests) accounted for 9.16 %, detrivores (Responsible for soil fertility) detrivores are the most abundant group recorded 57.12 %, carnivores predators groups, recorded 30.55 % and represented by true spiders (predators of pests), parasitoids and pollen grain transmitters recorded by 1.09 %. This study indicated that, not only fallow land, ploughing, fertilizer, crop residues but also type of plant root exudate also effected on the individual activity density. |