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Abstract This study was conducted on 68 preterm infants with clinical and radiographic signs of RDS. LUS scans were performed using transthoracic approach within the first 24 hours of birth, on the fifth day and whenever complications occurred during the course of the disease . The aim of the study was to evaluate of the diagnostic possibilities of lung ultrasonography in comparison to chest x- ray in diagnosis and follow up of prematures with RDS. Fourty one cases were males (60.3%) and twenty seven cases were females(39.7%). Twenty three were delivered vaginally(33.8%) and fourty five by cesarean section(66.2%).The mean gestational age for studied cases was 30.24 weeks and the mean weight was 1.429 kg |