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Abstract
Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and green substitute fuel for petro-diesel; as it can be produced according to the american standards (ASTM-D6751) and the european standards (EN 14214), and used in the diesel engines without excessive modifications. Semi-novel heterogeneous catalysts such as sodium orthosilicate (Na4SiO4) and phosphate rock (PR) were investigated to produce high quality biodiesel; in order to address the problems associated with the alkaline substances using waste fried oil (WFO) as a feedstock. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM and DTA-TG. Utilization of WFO in biodiesel industry offers a triple facet solution: environmental, economic and waste control. Techno-economic assessment for biodiesel production from waste fried oil, algae biomass, jatropha oil, was performed using the suggested catalysts to determine the most effective materials and technology for marketing of biodiesel business in Egypt and Arab countries