الفهرس 
A novel approach for recognition of oral traitfeatures in Egyptian children (Multi biometric analysis)
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Abstract
Background: Phenotype may refer to a specified character or to all observable characteristics of the individual. Aim: To characterize oral traits-features of Egyptian children using a novel multi- biometric method. Methods: 183 individuals participated in the study, 37 males, and 150 females were selected from the students of the Great Cairo schools. Their age range was 12-18 years. Extra oral and Intra oral photographs were taken with a Canon semi- professional camera. Specific traits and features were extracted from photographs and analyzed by using MATLAB computer software. Study Casts were made to 25 participant, 5 males and 20 females. Measurements were taken using fine caliper. Results: Features were calculated from photographs in our sample some occurred with high prevalence (above 60%) so they were suggested as the primary trait, others are moderately present ranging from (30% to 60%) border line from being suggested as a trait, and the low prevalence features (below 30 %) the least suggested to be a trait. Other results obtained from dental casts showed variations in MD tooth width have been noted following the basic international trend for the mesiodistal widths of teeth. Fluctuating asymmetry between paired MD tooth measurements in both the maxillary and mandibular dental arches also no differences were found in the overall results between males and females