الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF PARANASAL SINUSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 182 |  |  |
| | | from | 182 | | |
Abstract
its ability to inhibit methacholine and rhinitis-induced hypersecretion is emphasized. Ipratropium bromide appears to be both safe and effective in reducing this troublesome symptom. This study is designed to show the therapeutic effect of anticholinergic local treatment on nasal mucosa in patients with vasomotor rhinitis.
Objective: To assess the therapeutic effect of local anticholinergic treatment on nasal mucosa in patients with vasomotor rhinitis compared to non-vasomotor (allergic) patients and normal individuals, and if there any down regulation of the muscarinic receptors or not.
Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted on 60 cases. All patients were divided into 3 groups: Study group (1): includes 20 patients diagnosed clinically non allergic rhinitis suggestive to be vasomotor rhinitis. Study group (2): includes 20 patients diagnosed as allergic rhinitis. Study group (3): includes 20 patients performing surgery for non-vasomotor rhinitis non allergic causes (as septoplasty or rhinoplasty) in Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University hospitals from April 2020 till April 2022 and approved by an ethical committee before the start of the recruitment (FMASU M D 406/2019).
Results: Comparison between the pre and post SNOT questionnaire of symptoms among vasomotor group showed that there was a significant difference between the pre and post treatment SNOT questionnaire symptoms; Nasal obstruction, Runny nose, Post nasal drip, Thick nasal discharge and Lack of good night sleep. Among allergic cases group, there was a significant difference between the pre and post treatment IHC (immunohistochemistry) findings considering Epithelium, Glands, arteries and veins. 20% of cases had grade 3 epithelium before treatment while after treatment, this was dropped to 0%. Comparison between the pre and post SNOT questionnaire of symptoms among Allergic group showed that there was a significant difference between the pre and post treatment SNOT questionnaire symptoms; Runny nose, Post nasal drip, and Thick nasal discharge. Among non-vasomotor rhinitis non allergic causes (as septoplasty or rhinoplasty) group, there was a significant difference between the pre and post treatment IHC findings considering Epithelium, Glands, and arteries, however no significant difference between the pre and post IHC veins grade. Also, there was no significant difference between the pre and post treatment SNOT questionnaire symptoms.
Conclusion: Topical anticholinergics such as ipratropium bromide nasal spray are effective in treating rhinorrhea symptoms in allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. Further controlled studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed to confirm our results and to identify risk factors of adverse events.