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Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common congenital endocrine disorder in childhood and also is one of the most common preventable causes of mental retardation. Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is estimated to occur in approximately one in 3000 to 4000 live births throughout the world. The initial priority of neonatal screening for CH should be the detection of all forms of primary CH: mild, moderate, and severe. Objectives: (1) To determine the attitude and practice of health care providers towards neonatal screening at the primary health care level. (2) To identify the perception of mothers towards neonatal screening. (3) To estimate the utilization rate of neonatal screening in the previous year. Methodology:This is an observational analytical cross sectional study to assess neonatal screening process. The study was conducted at four Egyptian primary health care facilities at Giza governorate, two urban and two rural centers, using structured questionnaire for the interviewed mothers, structured interview questionnaire for health care providers and direct observation checklist for health care providers providing neonatal screening services. Results: More than 50% of nurses mentioned that the availability of supplies was one of the major obstacles facing neonatal screening services. All HCPsmentioned that no routine neonatal examination was performed to all neonates coming for heel test. Only 14.5% of mothers knew the purpose of heel test.Also, 45% of mothers knew about doing heel test from their relatives. The mean utilization rate of heel test, calculated during the period (first of January 2017 to 30th June 2017), at urban centers was (77.5%) and at rural centers was (145.3%). Conclusion:There are many obstacles facing NBS service from HCPs perspectives such as availability of supplies and well trained staff. There is lack of awareness among mothers about the purpose of NBS test