الفهرس 
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Abstract
A major environmental concern due to heavy metals are considered one of the major sources of soil pollution. Heavy metal pollution of the soil is caused by various metals, especially Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Cr and Pb. The metal plant uptake from soils at high concentrations may result in a great health risk considering food-chain implications. Uptake of heavy metals by plants and subsequent accumulation along the food chain is a potential threat to human health.
Annually, Egypt produces approximately 30 million tons of the agricultural biomass or crop residues. In Egypt, 18% of the agricultural wastes is used directly as fertilizer. Another 30% is used as animal food. The remainder is burnt directly on the fields or is used for heating in the small villages, using low efficiency burners. These wastes can be used more efficiently as a source of energy and as organic fertilizer. Recycling food wastes into value-added products such as soil conditioners can decrease disposal costs and recycle nutrients for maintaining and improving soil quality and crop growth.
The objectives of the present study are:
1. To determine the effect of the tested organic and minerals fertilizers on chemical properties of the tested calcareous soil.
2. To evaluate the effect of the tested organic and minerals fertilizers on heavy metal fractions in the tested calcareous soils and growth of the tested crops (wheat and potato) besides their elemental composition.
3. To evaluate the effects of the tested organic fertilizers on the mobility fraction of the tested heavy metals in soil.
4. To evaluate the effects of the tested organic fertilizers on the bioaccumulation factor of heavy metals in the tested crops (wheat and potato).
To achieve these objectives, Food industrial wastes (FIW) were collected separately at the farag-allah, Saker and Tamajet factories, located in New Borg Al-Arab City, Alexandria Governorate, air-dried in an open field at an average temperature of 25°C for 1 week. During the drying process, the FIW were mixed (flipped over) daily to avoid water retention and to obtain homogeneous wastes. Composting and vermicomposting were carried out under aerobic conditions in an open field; during that, the mixtures were subjected to interval turning every two weeks.
Calcareous soil sample (0-30 cm) was collected from Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI) Experimental Farm City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) located in Old Borg Al-Arab City, West Alexandria, Egypt. Soil samples were air-dried, ground and passed through a 2-mm sieve and kept in plastic bags for use. The main physical and chemical properties of the soil were determined.