الفهرس 
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Abstract
This investigation was carried out at the University of Alexandria Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), in the sunshine with natural light, a day/night temperature of 30°C/22°C, and relative humidity of 50-70 percent. During two successive seasons (2019 and 2020) on three species of ornamental plants (Vinca rosea L. from herbs, Dodonea viscosa L. from shrubs, and Ficus benjamina L. from trees) for phytoremediation of contaminated soil with cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in the form of cadmium acetate, lead nitrate and copper sulfate, respectively with various concentrations. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in 3 replicates, each replicate contains 10 treatments.
The treatments were as follows
Control
Cadmium (1, 2 and 3 mg/Kg)
Lead (200, 400 and 600 mg/Kg)
Copper (100, 200 and 300 mg/Kg)
The main results of this study can be summarized as follows
1. Ficus benjamina L.
1.1 The physical parameters
Results showed that the studied treatments of cadmium, lead and copper significantly decreased fresh biomass (g) and dry biomass (g) of leaves, stem, and roots, number of leaves, plant height (cm), and leaf area (cm2) in 2019 and 2020 seasons, compared to control.
Data also, cleared that, in spite of the low and medium levels of heavy metals used had more adverse effects on the growth, but the high levels of cadmium, lead and copper (3, 600, and 300 mg/Kg) respectively, were the most influential on fresh biomass (g) and dry biomass (g) for leaves, stem, and roots, number of leaves, plant height (cm) and leaf area (cm2) in 2019 and 2020 seasons, compared to control.
1.2 The chemical analyses
The results found that cadmium, lead and copper treatments significantly decreased total chlorophyll (SPAD) in leaves, total carbohydrate (percentage), and total protein (percentage) in leaves, stems, and roots in (2019 and 2020) seasons, compared to control.
Data also, reported that elevated concentrations of cadmium, lead, and copper (3, 600, and 300 mg/Kg) respectively, have serious inhibition on total chlorophyll (SPAD) in leaves, total carbohydrate (percentage), and total protein (percentage) in leaves, stem, and roots in (2019 and 2020) compared to control.
1.3 Content of cadmium, lead and copper in plant parts (mg/Kg)
The results reported that, cadmium, lead and copper treatments significantly increased cadmium content in the two seasons for leaves, stems and roots, while cadmium treatments significantly decreased lead and copper content for leaves, stems and roots in both seasons compared to control, in addition, lead treatments significantly increased lead content for leaves, stems and roots of Ficus benjamina L., and the copper treatments significantly increased lead content for leaves only, and copper content in both seasons compared to control.
Data also cleared that, the highest significant values of cadmium content were achieved from (3, 400 and 200 mg/Kg) and (3, 600 and 100 mg/Kg) of cadmium, lead and copper respectively, and from (600 mg/Kg) and (100 mg/Kg) of lead and copper respectively, for stems in the first season and roots in both seasons, and (200 mg/Kg) of copper for leaves in the two seasons and stems in the second season for lead content, and also, (300 mg/Kg) of copper for copper content in leaves, stems and roots in the two seasons compared to control.
Results also, revealed that, cadmium content was in order of roots higher than stems and higher than leaves in both seasons by cadmium, lead and copper treatments, but lead and copper content was roots higher than leaves and higher than stems in both seasons by lead and copper treatments, while leaves higher than roots higher than stems in both seasons for lead content in both seasons was achieved by copper treatments, and found that, the lead treatments did not take clear trend for copper content in both seasons.