الفهرس 
The protective role of miRNA25 against development of diabetic nephropathy in type1 diabetic children and adolescents
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Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a glomerular disease that accounts for most of the reduced life expectancy of type1diabetic patients. DN is the most common cause of end stage renal disease in developed countries, and it follows a well defined clinical course. Several key factors are over expressed in DN, such as TGF-Ý2, COL1, COL4, and NADPH oxidase subunit 4 (NOX4). These DN-inducing factors result in ECM accumulation, renal fibrosis, and oxidative stress, all of which contribute to the pathogenesis of DN. These DN-inducing factors are also targets of several miRNAs, which are downregulated in DN. It is reasonable that these downregulated miRNAs are DN inhibiting miRNAs which lead to the decrease of these DN-inducing factors. MiR-25 level was significantly reduced both in kidneys from diabetic rats and in high glucose-treated mesangial cells, accompanied by the increases in NADPH oxidase subunit 4 (NOX4) expression levels. An inhibitor of miR-25 effectively increased NOX4 levels. Luciferase assays showed that miR-25 directly bound to the 3’UTR of NOX4 mRNA. These data indicate that miR-25 may be a DN-protective molecule through inhibiting (NOX4)