الفهرس 
Development of an inhaled dry-powder formulation for pulmonary drug delivery
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to design and evaluate hydrogel microparticles and large porous microparticles as a carrier for sustained pulmonary delivery of sildenafil citrate. Hydrogel microparticles and large-porous PLGA microparticles (LPMs) were prepared by spray drying )ٍSD) and spray-freeze drying (SFD) method, respectively. The formulated particles were characterized for their physicochemical properties, in-vitro drug release, cytotoxicity, and aerosolization properties using the Andersen Cascade Impactor (ACI). Optimized SD and SFD formulations were evaluated in-vivo in male Albino rats to study lung deposition and bioavailability in comparison to orally administered Viagra® tablets. The results demonstrated that the formulated SD and SFD microparticles were characterized by adequate physicochemical properties, optimum aerosolization performance, and low cytotoxicity. The in-vivo pharmacokinetic study showed that the selected SD and SFD microparticles had significantly higher lung/blood pharmacokinetic parameters and mean residence time in comparison to orally administered sildenafil citrate (Viagra®) of the same dose. In conclusion, the formulated inhalable dry powder can be considered as a potential alternative of oral sildenafil citrate for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension