الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is characterized by a gradual deterioration in the functional state of the kidneys that is usually slow, progressive and irreversible. The frequency of end-stage renal disease in children is still uncertain. In North Africa, five countries should be noted: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt, with a total area of 5.8 million square kilometres. The annual percentage of kidney patients ranges between 34 and 200 per million people. The prevalence rates of this disease range between 30 and 430 patients per million people. In Egypt, and in Sharkia Governorate, the prevalence rate was 308 per million inhabitants. However, pre-dialysis stages of CKD are still underdiagnosed because most data sources are based on information collected from dialysis and/or kidney transplant centers. chronic kidney disease can profoundly affect the daily routines of sick children and their families, requiring social adjustment by both the patient and the family. It requires a multidisciplinary team ideally, the management of chronic kidney disease in children and adolescents. Despite remarkable clinical advances in recent years, CKD can be of particular concern to pediatric patients due to its high mortality rate (up to 30 times higher than that of generally healthy children), frequent hospitalizations, and a significant decrease in the quality of healthy life. related to. Despite the limited information currently available on pediatric chronic kidney disease, scientific research has confirmed that the quality of healthy life is generally at risk, in patients with chronic kidney disease compared to their healthy counterparts. The behavioral response to chronic diseases in childhood and adolescence has been studied over the past years, with somewhat conflicting results. Psychiatric analyzes have confirmed an increased risk of systemic adjustment disorders in these children and adolescents, with poor self-concept development or self-esteem, and a high prevalence of external influence (eg hyperactivity or aggression) or internalization symptoms, such as social anxiety, withdrawal and depression. Accordingly, screening for psychological symptoms and signs of psychological distress should be of concern to child health practitioners and others who work with children with chronic kidney disease. Some studies have found that chronic kidney disease in children is accompanied by a high frequency of mental disorders, the most common of which are adjustment disorders, symptoms of depression, and cognitive impairment. However, the association between clinical or psychiatric features, disease duration and severity of psychiatric variables remains undetermined. The aim of the work is to investigate the quality of life and symptoms of depression in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease and before dialysis and to compare these values to a healthy control group.