الفهرس 
TitleOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cardiac toxicity is considered a major problem of cancer treatment and can occur
during, or shortly after, or even after a lot of years of cancer treatment has been carried out.
Long-term follow-up of thoracic radiation therapy including; lung, lymphoma, esophageal
types of cancers and breast cancer, all have shown that can cause radiation-induced cardiac
toxicities such as pericardial effusion, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and
coronary artery disorder.
The compatible solutes are very small organic osmolytes including, (but not their
derivatives); betaines, polyols, sugars and amino acids, ectoines (ECT) and peptides. These
osmolytes are properly altered to remove their charges. The Compatible solutes’ function are
to work as operative stabilizers of the enzyme’s function, affording protection against higher
temperature, freeze-thaw treatment, salinity, and even drying. In vitro the helpful effects of
compatible solutes on proteins in addition to the effects on expression of protein and whole
cells stabilization have been studied. Such effects expansion or extend to stabilization of
nucleic acid.
In The current study was determined to discover the accumulative protective effect(s) of
ectoine possible pre-irradiation on female heart in mice. In this current study. (40) Forty
female Of a lineage Swiss albino were divided into) 4) four main groups; first group: controls
groups (injected intraperitoneally for (10)days with 0.2 ml from saline), second group:
ectoine groups (injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), Third group: irradiated
groups (received (6) Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose then injected with saline for ten
days), fourth group: ectoine irradiated groups ( first injected with ectoine for ten days then
irradiated). Animals (5 female mice each group) were sacrificed on day (7) seven, and day
(14) fourteen (five animals each). Hearts organs were examined for histological changes and
immune-stained for Bax .Concentration of ECT in hearts measured by High-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cardiac troponin T (cTnT) serum, apoptosis-inducing
factor (AIF) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were assessed by mouse ready by
ELISA kits use.
Histological alterations of the heart tissues were documented in around 40% after 7-
days & 14-days post-irradiation. ECT concentrations (0.63×10-4 mg/mg of heart weight) were
higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011×10-4 mg/mg of heart weight)
14-days post-treatment. There were significant differences among the 14 days’ groups (p =
0.032) in the serum levels of cardiac troponin cTnT. Also, the apoptosis inducible factor
(AIF) was significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control
(p = 0.014), irradiated (p = 0.020), and ectoine (p = 0.033) groups. A strong to moderate
immune-staining in ectoine and the irradiated groups were illustrated by Bax.