الفهرس 
Use of udder teat condition score for monitoring milk quality of holstein cows raised in Egypt
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Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the association between teat-end hyperkeratosis (THK) and somatic cell count (SCC) and to assess the effect of SCC on milk yield, fat, and protein percentages of Holstein cows. A total of 740 udder quarters of 185 Holstein cows kept in three commercial herds in Egypt were enrolled in the study from May to September 2019. Foremilk samples were collected from udder quarters for assessing milk SCC, fat, and protein percentages. On the same cows, a digital picture of each teat end orifice was taken with a digital camera. Cows{u2019} teats were assessed for THK and classified into two different groups of hyperkeratosis; mild and severe THK. SCC was converted to five classes of somatic cell score (SCS). Simple linear regression was performed to determine the change of milk yield, fat, and protein percentages. SCC was significantly affected by THK (P<0.0001), about 57% of teats were classified as mild THK and 43% as severe THK. The teats with severe THK recorded higher SCC in milk. Also, the effect of farm on milk SCC was highly significant (P<0.003), where Alexandria farm recorded the lowest mean of milk SCC. Cows in the second parity showed the lowest value of milk SCC compared to those in the fourth parity. While the effect of udder quarter position was not significant on SCC. It was observed that SCS had a significant effect on fat and protein percentages (P<0.0001)