الفهرس 
Immunological abnormalities associated with HIV infectionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
After description of the new first case of AIDS in 1981, the HIV pandemic expanded very rapid to become a great global public health problem with wide health, economic, social and developmental consequences that have not been seen with any other disease. Globally, there have been gains across the HIV testing and treatment cascade(1). The greatest contributor to the illness and deaths in persons infected with HIV is pulmonary disease.
Aims: Study the pattern of respiratory infections in HIV infected patients among sample of Egyptians.
Settings and Design: a prospective observational study.
Methods and Material: This study recruited 121 HIV patients with respiratory system involvement admitted to Abbassia Fever Hospital or Abbassia Chest Hospitals between December 2017 to March 2020. Clinical assessment included demographic data, history of chest symptoms, and comorbidities and local and general examination. Chest imaging was requested/ reviewed, and procedures were performed as required. Laboratory assessment included CD4 count, and microbiological examinations of sputum and pleural fluid if found.
Statistical analysis used: SPSS program [Statistical Package for Social Sciences] software version 18.0.
Results: 62% of the participants have been receiving or previously received antiretroviral (ART) treatment. Cough was the most frequent symptom in 91.7%. Pleural collection was the most frequent radiological finding on chest radiology in 23% of patients. Tuberculosis was commonly a concomitant infection in 29.7% of the patients. CD4 count ranged from 16 -450cells/mm3. The diagnosis of PJP and MDR TB was highly significantly associated with law CD4 count (p value <0.01).
Conclusion: HIV infection is associated with a wide myriad of respiratory manifestations with infectious complications representing the majority of them. Low CD4 count, receiving ART and the source of HIV infection( sexual or IV drug abuse) are documented as risk factors for respiratory involvement in HIV patients.